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Originally uploaded on 19/08/2015. Last edited on 21/07/2023,
This post will contain specification details about the Yamaha PSR 48 home keyboard. I have put as much information about this keyboard as I know and I will update this page if I find out more.
Specifications
Year released: 1990 roughly
Number of keys: 61
Key size: Full
Velocity Sensitive: No
MIDI connectors: Yes In, Out
Polyphonic: Yes, 8 Notes max
Mono mode: Yes (through solo style play)
Line Out Connectors: No
Headphone connector: Yes 1/4 inch
Built in speakers: Yes
Drums: Yes, 7 notes max
Programmable drum machine: Yes
Drum pads: Yes, for controlling drums
Split keyboard: Yes, Split point is fixed.
Synth Edit: No
No. of voices: 100
Pitch bend wheel: Yes, Fixed to 2 semi-tones
Demo tune: Yes, Name is unknown
Number of keys: 61
Key size: Full
Velocity Sensitive: No
MIDI connectors: Yes In, Out
Polyphonic: Yes, 8 Notes max
Mono mode: Yes (through solo style play)
Line Out Connectors: No
Headphone connector: Yes 1/4 inch
Built in speakers: Yes
Drums: Yes, 7 notes max
Programmable drum machine: Yes
Drum pads: Yes, for controlling drums
Split keyboard: Yes, Split point is fixed.
Synth Edit: No
No. of voices: 100
Pitch bend wheel: Yes, Fixed to 2 semi-tones
Demo tune: Yes, Name is unknown
MIDI Specifications
Supported Channels: 1-16 (Only 8 parts + drums can be played at a time due to max polly limit)
MIDI Modes: Remote Control Mode, Standard Voice Mode
Drums sequenced via MIDI: Yes, user can select the MIDI channel the drums respond to. Standard voice mode only
Multi timbral: Yes (Standard voice mode only)
MIDI out as MIDI thru: No
Drum pads transmit MIDI: No
Split keyboard transmits MIDI: Yes, Output channel is fixed to 2
Responds to velocity: Yes, Standard Voice Mode only
Panning support: No
Patch change support: Yes, 0-99 remote control mode, 0-120 standard voice mode (some voices are repeated)
Pitch bend: Yes, Fixed to 2 semi-tones
MIDI Modes: Remote Control Mode, Standard Voice Mode
Drums sequenced via MIDI: Yes, user can select the MIDI channel the drums respond to. Standard voice mode only
Multi timbral: Yes (Standard voice mode only)
MIDI out as MIDI thru: No
Drum pads transmit MIDI: No
Split keyboard transmits MIDI: Yes, Output channel is fixed to 2
Responds to velocity: Yes, Standard Voice Mode only
Panning support: No
Patch change support: Yes, 0-99 remote control mode, 0-120 standard voice mode (some voices are repeated)
Pitch bend: Yes, Fixed to 2 semi-tones
Sound Generation
The PSR 48 generates it's sounds using both Dual Architectural Synthesis System (Main Voices) and Pulse Code Modulation (Drums).
The Main Voice chip (blue) is a Yamaha XF987A0 which was also used in the Yamaha TG33 Synthesizer. It is a hybrid 2 Operator FM and Advance Wave Memory synthesizer and can play up to 8 notes at once. The Drum sound chip (red) is a Yamaha YM3419B. As the drums are generated from a separate sound chip, it doesn't reduce the number of notes that can be played at once. It can play up to 7 percussion sounds at a time.
For more info on chips used in Yamaha keyboards, I would recommend clicking here (Stereo Ninja Music cannot be held responsible for the content of external sites).
For more info on chips used in Yamaha keyboards, I would recommend clicking here (Stereo Ninja Music cannot be held responsible for the content of external sites).
Synth Engine Details
As the keyboard does not have a synth edit feature, I cannot give exact details on the synth engine properties and what parameters can be edited etc. All the details I list below are just assumptions.
Duel Architectural Synthesis System works by combining FM synthesis with 12 bit PCM samples (or advance wave memory as Yamaha calls it).
The FM synth section has 2 operators with feedback, low frequency oscillator (LFO), and a 4 stage envelope with attack, decay, sustain and release. I do not know if the LFO can set to modulate just the FM part or the AWM part.
The AWM part also has a LFO and 4 stage envelope. Both can be blended and panned before being fed to the speaker. This is fixed to the selected voice and cannot be modified by the user.
Duel Architectural Synthesis System works by combining FM synthesis with 12 bit PCM samples (or advance wave memory as Yamaha calls it).
The FM synth section has 2 operators with feedback, low frequency oscillator (LFO), and a 4 stage envelope with attack, decay, sustain and release. I do not know if the LFO can set to modulate just the FM part or the AWM part.
The AWM part also has a LFO and 4 stage envelope. Both can be blended and panned before being fed to the speaker. This is fixed to the selected voice and cannot be modified by the user.
Voice List
00 Piano 1
01 Piano 2 02 Honky-tonk Piano 03 E-piano 1 04 E-piano 2 05 Harpsichord 06 Clavi 07 Synth Clavi 08 Celesta 09 Toy Piano 10 Vibraphone 11 Chimes 12 Xylophone 13 Marimba 14 Bamboo Marimba 15 Timpani 16 Steel Drum 17 Kalimba 18 Gamelan 19 Music Box 20 Strings 21 Pizz Strings 22 Synth Strings 1 23 Synth Strings 2 24 Violin 25 Cello 26 Harp 27 Flute 28 Pan Flute 29 Recorder 30 Clarinet 31 Oboe 32 Basson 33 Saxophone 34 Harmonica 35 Accordion 36 Bag pipes 37 Trumpet 38 Mute Trumpet 39 Trombone 40 Horn 41 Tuba 42 Brass ensamble 43 Synth Brass 1 44 Synth Brass 2 45 Pipe Organ 46 Jazz Organ 47 Rock Organ 48 Street Organ 49 Reed Organ |
50 Human Vox
51 Synth Vox 52 Whistle 53 Classical Guitar 54 Folk Guitar 55 Jazz Guitar 56 Rock Guitar 57 Distorted Guitar 58 Mute Guitar 59 Banjo 60 Mandolin 61 Sitar 62 Koto 63 Shamisen 64 Acoustic Bass 65 Bowed Bass 66 Elec. Bass 67 Slap Bass 68 Fretless Bass 69 Synth Bass 1 70 Synth Bass 2 71 Synth Bass 3 72 Analogue Synth 73 Reed Synth 74 Synth Music Box 75 Space Flute 76 Aqua 77 Landscape 78 Fuzz Brass 79 Metallic Reed 80 Crystal 81 Ice Block 82 Synth Tom 83 Samba Whistle 84 African Percuss 85 Birds 86 Digi Sweep 87 Hammer Shot 88 Crystal Block 89 Invader 90 Shock Alarm 91 Ow! 92 Water Drop 93 Emergency 94 Zing 95 Racing Circuit 96 Scrape 97 Construction 98 Wave 99 Orchestra Hit |
Style List
00 Disco
01 Rock and Roll 1 02 Rock and Roll 2 03 Rock and Roll 3 04 Pop Rock 1 05 Pop Rock 2 06 16 Beat 1 07 16 Beat 2 08 Rock-a-Ballad 09 Rock Baroque 10 Christmas Rock 11 Oriental Rock 12 Brass Rock 13 Techno Rock 1 14 Techno Rock 2 15 Hard Rock 16 Heavy Metal 17 Speed Metal 18 Fusion 1 19 Fusion 2 20 Funk 1 21 Funk 2 22 Funk 3 23 Funk 4 24 Rap 25 Rhythm and Blues 1 26 Rhythm and Blues 2 27 Slow Blues 28 Gospel 29 Swing Guitar 30 Swing Piano 31 Swing Organ 32 Swing Vibraphone 33 Big Band 1 34 Big Band 2 35 Big Band 3 36 Modern Jazz 37 5/4 Swing 38 Jazz Ballad 39 Shuffle 40 Boogie Woogie Piano 1 41 Boogie Woogie Piano 2 42 Boogie Woogie Piano 3 43 Boogie Big Band 1 44 Boogie Big Band 2 45 Jazz Baroque 46 Dixieland Combo 47 Dixieland Banjo 48 Country 49 Country Piano |
50 Country Steel Guitar
51 Ragtime Piano 52 Bluegrass 53 Bossa Nova 1 54 Bossa Nova 2 55 Samba 1 56 Samba 2 57 Samba 3 58 Salsa 1 59 Salsa 2 60 Salsa 3 61 Tango 62 Habanera 63 Mambo 1 64 Mambo 2 65 Mambo 3 66 Rhumba 67 Cha-cha-cha 68 Conga 69 Merengue 70 Calypso 1 71 Calypso 2 72 Reggae 73 Cuban 74 Beguine 75 Mariachi 76 Bolero 77 Flamenco 78 Son Afro 79 Argentine Folklore 80 Island Folklore 81 March 1 82 March 2 83 Majestic March 84 Polka 85 Baroque (Waltz) 86 Big Band (Waltz) 87 Jazz (Waltz) 88 Viennese Waltz 89 Baroque 90 Lullaby 91 Classical Guitar 92 Street Organ 93 Fanfare 94 Safari 95 Hawaiian 96 Chanson 97 Mandolin Band 98 String Quartet 99 Barbershop Quartet |
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